■ hotkey 함수를 사용해 단축 키를 보내는 방법을 보여준다. ▶ 예제 코드 (PY)
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import pyautogui pyautogui.hotkey("ctrl", "l") # CTRL + L pyautogui.hotkey("ctrl", "c") # CTRL + C pyautogui.hotkey("ctrl", "u") # CTRL + U pyautogui.hotkey("ctrl", "a") # CTRL + A |
※ pip install pyautogui 명령을 실행했다.
■ 실행중인 크롬 브라우저의 활성탭에서 URL과 HTML을 구하는 방법을 보여준다. ▶ main.py
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import win32gui import win32process import psutil import win32com.client import pyautogui import time import pyperclip def getChromeWindowInfoDictrionary(): chromeWindowInfoDictionary = [] def enumerateWindowCallback(windowHandle, longParameter): if win32gui.IsWindowVisible(windowHandle): _, processID = win32process.GetWindowThreadProcessId(windowHandle) try: process = psutil.Process(processID) if "chrome" in process.name().lower(): windowTitle = win32gui.GetWindowText(windowHandle) rectangle = win32gui.GetWindowRect(windowHandle) width = rectangle[2] - rectangle[0] height = rectangle[3] - rectangle[1] chromeWindowInfoDictionary.append({"windowHandle" : windowHandle, "title" : windowTitle, "processID" : processID, "width" : width, "height" : height}) except psutil.NoSuchProcess: pass win32gui.EnumWindows(enumerateWindowCallback, None) return chromeWindowInfoDictionary def getMainChromeWindowInfo(chromeWindowInfoDictionary): if not chromeWindowInfoDictionary: return None mainChromeWindowInfo = max(chromeWindowInfoDictionary, key = lambda w : w["width"] * w["height"]) return mainChromeWindowInfo def getActiveTabInfo(chromeWindowInfo): windowHandle = chromeWindowInfo["windowHandle"] shell = win32com.client.Dispatch("WScript.Shell") win32gui.SetForegroundWindow(windowHandle) time.sleep(0.5) # ALT 키를 누른다. shell.SendKeys("%") time.sleep(0.5) # URL을 복사한다. # 주소 창을 선택한다. pyautogui.hotkey("ctrl", "l") time.sleep(0.1) # URL을 복사한다. pyautogui.hotkey("ctrl", "c") time.sleep(0.1) # 클립보드에서 복사된 URL을 가져온다. url = pyperclip.paste() # HTML을 복사한다. # 소스 보기 창을 연다. pyautogui.hotkey("ctrl", "u") time.sleep(1) # 전체를 선택한다. pyautogui.hotkey("ctrl", "a") time.sleep(0.1) # HTML을 복사한다. pyautogui.hotkey("ctrl", "c") time.sleep(0.1) # 클립보드에서 복사된 HTML을 가져온다. html = pyperclip.paste() # 소스 창을 닫는다. pyautogui.hotkey("ctrl", "w") return url, html chromeWindowDictionary = getChromeWindowInfoDictrionary() mainChromeWindowInfo = getMainChromeWindowInfo(chromeWindowDictionary) if mainChromeWindowInfo: url, html = getActiveTabInfo(mainChromeWindowInfo) print(f"활성 탭 URL : {url}") print(f"HTML 코드 : {html[:500]}...") # HTML 코드 일부만 출력한다. else: print("실행 중인 크롬 브라우저를 찾을 수 없습니다.") |
▶ requirements.txt
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MouseInfo==0.1.3 psutil==6.0.0 PyAutoGUI==0.9.54 PyGetWindow==0.0.9 PyMsgBox==1.0.9 pyperclip==1.9.0 PyRect==0.2.0 PyScreeze==1.0.1 pytweening==1.2.0 pywin32==306 |
※ pip install pywin32 psutil pyautogui
■ 실행중인 크롬 브라우저의 활성탭에서 HTML을 복사하는 방법을 보여준다. ▶ main.py
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import pygetwindow as gw import time import pyautogui def findChromeWindow(): win32WindowList = gw.getWindowsWithTitle("Chrome") if win32WindowList: return win32WindowList[0] else: raise Exception("실행 중인 크롬 브라우저를 찾을 수 없습니다.") def bringWindowToFront(win32Window): if win32Window.isMinimized: win32Window.restore() win32Window.activate() time.sleep(0.5) # 창이 완전히 활성화될 때까지 대기한다. def sendKeyCommand(keyCombination): pyautogui.keyDown(keyCombination[0]) for key in keyCombination[1:]: pyautogui.press(key) pyautogui.keyUp(keyCombination[0]) def main(): try: print("1. 실행중인 크롬 브라우저를 찾습니다.") win32Window = findChromeWindow() print("2. 해당 크롬 브라우저를 다른 애플리케이션 위로 가져옵니다.") bringWindowToFront(win32Window) sendKeyCommand(("ctrl", "u")) time.sleep(0.5) sendKeyCommand(("ctrl", "a")) time.sleep(0.1) sendKeyCommand(("ctrl", "c")) time.sleep(0.1) sendKeyCommand(("ctrl", "w")) except Exception as exception: print(f"오류가 발생했습니다 : {exception}") if __name__ == "__main__": main() |
▶ requirements.txt
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MouseInfo==0.1.3 PyAutoGUI==0.9.54 PyGetWindow==0.0.9 PyMsgBox==1.0.9 pyperclip==1.9.0 PyRect==0.2.0 PyScreeze==1.0.1 pytweening==1.2.0 |
※ pip install pygetwindow pyautogui 명령을 실행했다.
■ keyDown/press/keyUp 함수를 사용해 단축 키를 누르는 방법을 보여준다. ▶ 예제 코드 (PY)
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import pyautogui import time def sendKeyCommand(keyCombination): pyautogui.keyDown(keyCombination[0]) for key in keyCombination[1:]: pyautogui.press(key) pyautogui.keyUp(keyCombination[0]) sendKeyCommand(("ctrl", "a")) time.sleep(0.1) sendKeyCommand(("ctrl", "c")) time.sleep(0.1) |
※ pip install pyautogui 명령을 실행했다.
■ pyautogui 패키지를 설치하는 방법을 보여준다. 1. 명령 프롬프트를 실행한다. 2. 명령 프롬프트에서 아래 명령을 실행한다. ▶ 실행 명령
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pip install pyautogui |
■ 메인 크롬 브라우저 활성 탭에서 URL을 구하는 방법을 보여준다. ▶ main.py
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import win32gui import win32process import psutil import requests from pywinauto import Application def findMainChromeBrowserWindowHandle(): chromeBrowserList = [] def enumerateWindowsCallback(windowHandle, _): if win32gui.IsWindowVisible(windowHandle) and win32gui.GetWindowText(windowHandle): _, processID = win32process.GetWindowThreadProcessId(windowHandle) try: process = psutil.Process(processID) if process.name().lower() == "chrome.exe": chromeBrowserList.append((windowHandle, process)) except psutil.NoSuchProcess: pass return True win32gui.EnumWindows(enumerateWindowsCallback, None) for windowHandle, process in chromeBrowserList: if not any("--type=" in arg for arg in process.cmdline()): return windowHandle return None def getChromeAddressBarText(): try: mainChromeBrowserWindowHandle = findMainChromeBrowserWindowHandle() if mainChromeBrowserWindowHandle is None: print("No main Chrome window found.") return None application = Application(backend="uia").connect(handle = mainChromeBrowserWindowHandle) window = application.window(handle = mainChromeBrowserWindowHandle) for className in ["OmniboxViewViews", "EditControl", "Edit"]: try: addressEdit = window.child_window(class_name=className) if addressEdit.exists(): return addressEdit.legacy_properties()["Value"] except Exception: continue print("Address bar element not found.") return None except Exception as exception: print(f"Error in getChromeAddressBarText : {str(exception)}") return None def addProtocolToUrl(url): if url.startswith("http://") or url.startswith("https://"): return url httpsURL = f"https://{url}" try: response = requests.head(httpsURL, allow_redirects = True, timeout = 5) if response.status_code == 200: return httpsURL except requests.RequestException: pass httpURL = f"http://{url}" try: response = requests.head(httpURL, allow_redirects = True, timeout = 5) if response.status_code == 200: return httpURL except requests.RequestException: pass return httpsURL def main(): addressBarText = getChromeAddressBarText() if addressBarText: fullURL = addProtocolToUrl(addressBarText) print(f"Chrome Address Bar Text (with protocol) : {fullURL}") else: print("Failed to get Chrome address bar text.") if __name__ == "__main__": main() """ Chrome Address Bar Text (with protocol) : https://icodebroker.com/archives/108379 """ |
▶ requirements.txt
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certifi==2024.7.4 charset-normalizer==3.3.2 comtypes==1.4.6 idna==3.7 psutil==6.0.0 pywin32==306 pywinauto==0.6.8 requests==2.32.3 six==1.16.0 urllib3==2.2.2 |
※ pip install pywinauto pywin32 psutil
■ 메인 크롬 브라우저 활성 탭에서 URL을 구하는 방법을 보여준다. ▶ main.py
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import win32gui import win32process import psutil from pywinauto import Application def findMainChromeBrowserWindowHandle(): chromeBrowserList = [] def enumerateWindowsCallback(windowHandle, _): if win32gui.IsWindowVisible(windowHandle) and win32gui.GetWindowText(windowHandle): _, processID = win32process.GetWindowThreadProcessId(windowHandle) try: process = psutil.Process(processID) if process.name().lower() == "chrome.exe": chromeBrowserList.append((windowHandle, process)) except psutil.NoSuchProcess: pass return True win32gui.EnumWindows(enumerateWindowsCallback, None) for windowHandle, process in chromeBrowserList: if not any("--type=" in arg for arg in process.cmdline()): return windowHandle return None def getChromeBrowserAddressBarText(): try: mainChromeWindowHandle = findMainChromeBrowserWindowHandle() if mainChromeWindowHandle is None: print("No main Chrome window found.") return None application = Application(backend = "uia").connect(handle = mainChromeWindowHandle) window = application.window(handle = mainChromeWindowHandle) for className in ["OmniboxViewViews", "EditControl", "Edit"]: try: addressEdit = window.child_window(class_name = className) if addressEdit.exists(): return addressEdit.legacy_properties()["Value"] except Exception: continue print("Address bar element not found.") return None except Exception as exception: print(f"Error in getChromeBrowserAddressBarText : {str(exception)}") return None def main(): addressBarText = getChromeBrowserAddressBarText() if addressBarText: print(f"Chrome Address Bar Text : {addressBarText}") else: print("Failed to get Chrome address bar text.") if __name__ == "__main__": main() """ Chrome Address Bar Text : icodebroker.com/archives/108379 """ |
▶ requirements.txt
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comtypes==1.4.6 psutil==6.0.0 pywin32==306 pywinauto==0.6.8 six==1.16.0 |
※ pip install pywinauto pywin32 psutil
■ pywinauto 패키지를 설치하는 방법을 보여준다. 1. 명령 프롬프트를 실행한다. 2. 명령 프롬프트에서 아래 명령을 실행한다. ▶ 실행 명령
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pip install pywinauto |
■ 메인 크롬 브라우저 활성 탭에서 URL을 구하는 방법을 보여준다. ※ 비주얼 스튜디오에서 TestProject(Unpackaged) 모드로 빌드한다. ※ TestProject.csproj 프로젝트 파일에서 WindowsPackageType 태그를
■ 메인 크롬 브라우저 활성 탭에서 URL을 구하는 방법을 보여준다. ※ 비주얼 스튜디오에서 TestProject(Unpackaged) 모드로 빌드한다. ※ TestProject.csproj 프로젝트 파일에서 WindowsPackageType 태그를
■ FlaUI.UIA3 누겟을 설치하는 방법을 보여준다. 1. Visual Studio를 실행한다. 2. [도구] / [NuGet 패키지 관리자] / [패키지 관리자 콘솔] 메뉴를 실행한다.
■ UI 자동화를 사용하는 방법을 보여준다. ▶ MouseHelper.cs
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using System; using System.Drawing; using System.Runtime.InteropServices; using System.Threading; namespace TestProject { /// <summary> /// 마우스 헬퍼 /// </summary> public static class MouseHelper { //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// Import ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// Static //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// Private #region 마우스 이벤트 발생시키기 - mouse_event(flag, deltaX, deltaY, data, extraInformation) /// <summary> /// 마우스 이벤트 발생시키기 /// </summary> /// <param name="flag">플래그</param> /// <param name="deltaX">델타 X</param> /// <param name="deltaY">델타 Y</param> /// <param name="data">데이터</param> /// <param name="extraInformation">부가 정보</param> [DllImport("user32")] private static extern void mouse_event(int flag, int deltaX, int deltaY, int data, int extraInformation); #endregion #region 키보드 이벤트 발생시키기 - keybd_event(virtualKey, scanCode, flag, extraInformation) /// <summary> /// 키보드 이벤트 발생시키기 /// </summary> /// <param name="virtualKey">가상 키</param> /// <param name="scanCode">스캔 코드</param> /// <param name="flag">플래그</param> /// <param name="extraInfo">부가 정보</param> [DllImport("user32")] private static extern void keybd_event(byte virtualKey, byte scanCode, int flag, int extraInformation); #endregion //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// Field ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// Private #region Field /// <summary> /// MOUSE_EVENT_LEFT_DOWN /// </summary> private const int MOUSE_EVENT_LEFT_DOWN = 0x0002; /// <summary> /// MOUSE_EVENT_LEFT_UP /// </summary> private const int MOUSE_EVENT_LEFT_UP = 0x0004; /// <summary> /// MOUSE_EVENT_RIGHT_DOWN /// </summary> private const int MOUSE_EVENT_RIGHT_DOWN = 0x0008; /// <summary> /// MOUSE_EVENT_RIGHT_UP /// </summary> private const int MOUSE_EVENT_RIGHT_UP = 0x00010; /// <summary> /// VK_LCONTROL /// </summary> private const int VK_LCONTROL = 0xA2; /// <summary> /// KEY_DOWN /// </summary> private const int KEY_DOWN = 0x0; /// <summary> /// EXTENDED_KEY /// </summary> private const int EXTENDED_KEY = 0x01; /// <summary> /// KEY_UP /// </summary> private const int KEY_UP = 0x02; #endregion //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// Method ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// Static //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// Public #region 마우스 왼쪽 버튼 클릭하기 - ClickMouseLeftButton(point) /// <summary> /// 마우스 왼쪽 버튼 클릭하기 /// </summary> /// <param name="point">포인트</param> public static void ClickMouseLeftButton(Point point) { System.Windows.Forms.Cursor.Position = point; mouse_event(MOUSE_EVENT_LEFT_DOWN, 0, 0, 0, 0); mouse_event(MOUSE_EVENT_LEFT_UP , 0, 0, 0, 0); Thread.Sleep(100); } #endregion #region 마우스 오른쪽 버튼 클릭하기 - ClickMouseRightButton(point) /// <summary> /// 마우스 오른쪽 버튼 클릭하기 /// </summary> /// <param name="point">포인트</param> public static void ClickMouseRightButton(Point point) { System.Windows.Forms.Cursor.Position = point; mouse_event(MOUSE_EVENT_RIGHT_DOWN, 0, 0, 0, 0); mouse_event(MOUSE_EVENT_RIGHT_UP , 0, 0, 0, 0); Thread.Sleep(100); } #endregion #region 가볍게 치기 - Flick(mouseDownPoint, mouseUpPoint, duration) /// <summary> /// 가볍게 치기 /// </summary> /// <param name="mouseDownPoint">마우스 DOWN 포인트</param> /// <param name="mouseUpPoint">마우스 UP 포인트</param> /// <param name="duration">지속 시간</param> public static void Flick(Point mouseDownPoint, Point mouseUpPoint, TimeSpan duration) { System.Windows.Forms.Cursor.Position = mouseDownPoint; mouse_event(MOUSE_EVENT_LEFT_DOWN, 0, 0, 0, 0); Thread.Sleep(duration); System.Windows.Forms.Cursor.Position = mouseDownPoint; mouse_event(MOUSE_EVENT_LEFT_UP, 0, 0, 0, 0); Thread.Sleep(100); } #endregion #region 드래그 & 드롭하기 - DragDrop(dragStartPoint, dropPoint) /// <summary> /// 드래그 & 드롭하기 /// </summary> /// <param name="dragStartPoint">드래그 시작 포인트</param> /// <param name="dropPoint">드래그 포인트</param> public static void DragDrop(Point dragStartPoint, Point dropPoint) { ClickMouseLeftButton(dragStartPoint); mouse_event(MOUSE_EVENT_LEFT_DOWN, 0, 0, 0, 0); System.Windows.Forms.Cursor.Position = dropPoint; mouse_event(MOUSE_EVENT_LEFT_UP, 0, 0, 0, 0); Thread.Sleep(100); } #endregion #region 드래그 & 컨트롤 드롭하기 - DragCtrlDrop(dragStartPoint, dropPoint) /// <summary> /// 드래그 & 컨트롤 드롭하기 /// </summary> /// <param name="dragStartPoint">드래그 시작 포인트</param> /// <param name="dropPoint">드래그 포인트</param> public static void DragCtrlDrop(Point dragStartPoint, Point dropPoint) { ClickMouseLeftButton(dragStartPoint); mouse_event(MOUSE_EVENT_LEFT_DOWN, 0, 0, 0, 0); System.Windows.Forms.Cursor.Position = dropPoint; Thread.Sleep(100); keybd_event(VK_LCONTROL, 0, EXTENDED_KEY | KEY_DOWN, 0); Thread.Sleep(100); mouse_event(MOUSE_EVENT_LEFT_UP, 0, 0, 0, 0); Thread.Sleep(100); keybd_event(VK_LCONTROL, 0, EXTENDED_KEY | KEY_UP, 0); Thread.Sleep(100); } #endregion } } |
▶ UIAutomationHelper.cs
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using System; using System.Data; using System.Diagnostics; using System.Drawing; using System.Threading; using System.Windows.Automation; namespace TestProject { /// <summary> /// UI 자동화 헬퍼 /// </summary> public static class UIAutomationHelper { //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// Field ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// Private #region Field /// <summary> /// 엘리먼트 탐색 타임아웃 초 카운트 /// </summary> private const int ELEMENT_SEARCH_TIMEOUT_SECOND_COUNT = 10; #endregion //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// Method ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// Static //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// Public #region 애플리케이션 실행하기 - ExecuteApplication(filePath, argumentList) /// <summary> /// 애플리케이션 실행하기 /// </summary> /// <param name="filePath">파일 경로</param> /// <param name="argumentList">인자 리스트</param> /// <returns>자동화 엘리먼트</returns> public static AutomationElement ExecuteApplication(string filePath, string argumentList) { Process process = new Process(); process.StartInfo.FileName = filePath; process.StartInfo.Arguments = argumentList; process.Start(); Thread.Sleep(2000); return (AutomationElement.FromHandle(process.MainWindowHandle)); } #endregion #region 애플리케이션 실행하기 - ExecuteApplication(filePath) /// <summary> /// 애플리케이션 실행하기 /// </summary> /// <param name="filePath">파일 경로</param> /// <returns>자동화 엘리먼트</returns> public static AutomationElement ExecuteApplication(string filePath) { return ExecuteApplication(filePath, string.Empty); } #endregion #region 명칭으로 엘리먼트 컬렉션 구하기 - GetElementCollectionByName(windowElement, elementName) /// <summary> /// 명칭으로 엘리먼트 컬렉션 구하기 /// </summary> /// <param name="windowElement">윈도우 엘리먼트</param> /// <param name="elementName">엘리먼트명</param> /// <returns>자동화 엘리먼트 컬렉션</returns> public static AutomationElementCollection GetElementCollectionByName(AutomationElement windowElement, string elementName) { if(windowElement == null) { return null; } return GetElementCollection ( windowElement, new PropertyCondition(AutomationElement.NameProperty, elementName) ); } #endregion #region 명칭으로 엘리먼트 구하기 - GetElementByName(windowElement, elementName) /// <summary> /// 명칭으로 엘리먼트 구하기 /// </summary> /// <param name="windowElement">윈도우 엘리먼트</param> /// <param name="elementName">엘리먼트명</param> /// <returns>자동화 엘리먼트</returns> public static AutomationElement GetElementByName(AutomationElement windowElement, string elementName) { if(windowElement == null) { return null; } return GetElement ( windowElement, new PropertyCondition(AutomationElement.NameProperty, elementName) ); } #endregion #region ID로 엘리먼트 구하기 - GetElementByID(windowElement, elementID) /// <summary> /// ID로 엘리먼트 구하기 /// </summary> /// <param name="windowElement">윈도우 엘리먼트</param> /// <param name="elementID">엘리먼트 ID</param> /// <returns>자동화 엘리먼트</returns> public static AutomationElement GetElementByID(AutomationElement windowElement, string elementID) { if(windowElement == null) { return null; } return GetElement ( windowElement, new PropertyCondition(AutomationElement.AutomationIdProperty, elementID) ); } #endregion #region 엘리먼트명 구하기 - GetElementName(windowElement, elementID) /// <summary> /// 엘리먼트명 구하기 /// </summary> /// <param name="windowElement">윈도우 엘리먼트</param> /// <param name="elementID">엘리먼트 ID</param> /// <returns>엘리먼트명</returns> public static string GetElementName(AutomationElement windowElement, string elementID) { return GetElementByID(windowElement, elementID).Current.Name; } #endregion #region 엘리먼트 호출하기 - InvokeElement(windowElement, condition) /// <summary> /// 엘리먼트 호출하기 /// </summary> /// <param name="windowElement">윈도우 엘리먼트</param> /// <param name="condition">조건</param> /// <returns>처리 결과</returns> public static bool InvokeElement(AutomationElement windowElement, Condition condition) { if(windowElement == null) { return false; } AutomationElement element = GetElement(windowElement, condition); if(element != null) { InvokePattern pattern = element.GetCurrentPattern(InvokePattern.Pattern) as InvokePattern; pattern.Invoke(); return true; } return false; } #endregion #region 명칭으로 엘리먼트 호출하기 - InvokeElementByName(windowElement, elementName) /// <summary> /// 명칭으로 엘리먼트 호출하기 /// </summary> /// <param name="windowElement">윈도우 엘리먼트</param> /// <param name="elementName">엘리먼트명</param> /// <returns>처리 결과</returns> public static bool InvokeElementByName(AutomationElement windowElement, string elementName) { return InvokeElement ( windowElement, new PropertyCondition(AutomationElement.NameProperty, elementName) ); } #endregion #region ID로 엘리먼트 호출하기 - InvokeElementByID(windowElement, elementID) /// <summary> /// ID로 엘리먼트 호출하기 /// </summary> /// <param name="windowElement">윈도우 엘리먼트</param> /// <param name="elementID">엘리먼트 ID</param> /// <returns>처리 결과</returns> public static bool InvokeElementByID(AutomationElement windowElement, string elementID) { return InvokeElement ( windowElement, new PropertyCondition(AutomationElement.AutomationIdProperty, elementID) ); } #endregion #region 엘리먼트 확장하기 - ExpandElement(element) /// <summary> /// 엘리먼트 확장하기 /// </summary> /// <param name="element">엘리먼트</param> /// <returns>처리 결과</returns> public static bool ExpandElement(AutomationElement element) { if(element == null) { return false; } ExpandCollapsePattern pattern = element.GetCurrentPattern(ExpandCollapsePattern.Pattern) as ExpandCollapsePattern; pattern.Expand(); return true; } #endregion #region 엘리먼트 확장하기 - ExpandElement(windowElement, condition) /// <summary> /// 엘리먼트 확장하기 /// </summary> /// <param name="windowElement">윈도우 엘리먼트</param> /// <param name="condition">조건</param> /// <returns>처리 결과</returns> private static bool ExpandElement(AutomationElement windowElement, Condition condition) { AutomationElement element = GetElement(windowElement, condition); return ExpandElement(element); } #endregion #region 명칭으로 엘리먼트 확장하기 - ExpandElementByName(windowElement, elementName) /// <summary> /// 명칭으로 엘리먼트 확장하기 /// </summary> /// <param name="windowElement">윈도우 엘리먼트</param> /// <param name="elementName">엘리먼트명</param> /// <returns>처리 결과</returns> public static bool ExpandElementByName(AutomationElement windowElement, string elementName) { return ExpandElement ( windowElement, new PropertyCondition(AutomationElement.NameProperty, elementName) ); } #endregion #region ID로 엘리먼트 확장하기 - ExpandElementByID(windowElement, elementID) /// <summary> /// ID로 엘리먼트 확장하기 /// </summary> /// <param name="windowElement">윈도우 엘리먼트</param> /// <param name="elementID">엘리먼트 ID</param> /// <returns>처리 결과</returns> public static bool ExpandElementByID(AutomationElement windowElement, string elementID) { return ExpandElement ( windowElement, new PropertyCondition(AutomationElement.AutomationIdProperty, elementID) ); } #endregion #region ID로 엘리먼트 토글하기 - ToggleElementByID(windowElement, elementID) /// <summary> /// ID로 엘리먼트 토글하기 /// </summary> /// <param name="windowElement">윈도우 엘리먼트</param> /// <param name="elementID">엘리먼트 ID</param> public static void ToggleElementByID(AutomationElement windowElement, string elementID) { AutomationElement element = GetElement(windowElement, new PropertyCondition(AutomationElement.AutomationIdProperty, elementID)); TogglePattern pattern = element.GetCurrentPattern(TogglePattern.Pattern) as TogglePattern; pattern.Toggle(); } #endregion #region 항목 선택하기 - SelectItem(windowElement, elementID, itemIndex) /// <summary> /// 항목 선택하기 /// </summary> /// <param name="windowElement">윈도우 엘리먼트</param> /// <param name="elementID">엘리먼트 ID</param> /// <param name="itemIndex">항목 인덱스</param> public static void SelectItem(AutomationElement windowElement, string elementID, int itemIndex) { AutomationElement element = GetElementByID(windowElement, elementID); AutomationElementCollection itemCollection = element.FindAll ( TreeScope.Children, new PropertyCondition(AutomationElement.ControlTypeProperty, ControlType.ListItem) ); ExpandCollapsePattern pattern = (ExpandCollapsePattern)element.GetCurrentPattern(ExpandCollapsePattern.Pattern); pattern.Expand(); AutomationElement itemElement = itemCollection[itemIndex]; object selectPattern = null; if(itemElement.TryGetCurrentPattern(SelectionItemPattern.Pattern, out selectPattern)) { ((SelectionItemPattern)selectPattern).Select(); } } #endregion #region 선택 여부 구하기 - IsSelected(windowElement, elementID) /// <summary> /// 선택 여부 구하기 /// </summary> /// <param name="windowElement">윈도우 엘리먼트</param> /// <param name="elementID">엘리먼트 ID</param> /// <returns>선택 여부</returns> public static bool IsSelected(AutomationElement windowElement, string elementID) { AutomationElement element = GetElementByID(windowElement, elementID); SelectionItemPattern pattern = element.GetCurrentPattern(SelectionItemPattern.Pattern) as SelectionItemPattern; return pattern.Current.IsSelected; } #endregion #region 이용 가능 여부 구하기 - IsEnabled(windowElement, elementID) /// <summary> /// 이용 가능 여부 구하기 /// </summary> /// <param name="windowElement">윈도우 엘리먼트</param> /// <param name="elementID">엘리먼트 ID</param> /// <returns>이용 가능 여부</returns> public static bool IsEnabled(AutomationElement windowElement, string elementID) { AutomationElement element = GetElementByID(windowElement, elementID); return (bool)element.GetCurrentPropertyValue(AutomationElement.IsEnabledProperty); } #endregion #region 엘리먼트 선택하기 - SelectElement(element) /// <summary> /// 엘리먼트 선택하기 /// </summary> /// <param name="element">엘리먼트</param> public static void SelectElement(AutomationElement element) { SelectionItemPattern pattern = element.GetCurrentPattern(SelectionItemPattern.Pattern) as SelectionItemPattern; pattern.Select(); } #endregion #region 엘리먼트 선택하기 - SelectElement(windowElement, elementID) /// <summary> /// 엘리먼트 선택하기 /// </summary> /// <param name="windowElement">윈도우 엘리먼트</param> /// <param name="elementID">엘리먼트 ID</param> public static void SelectElement(AutomationElement windowElement, string elementID) { AutomationElement element = GetElementByID(windowElement, elementID); SelectionItemPattern pattern = element.GetCurrentPattern(SelectionItemPattern.Pattern) as SelectionItemPattern; pattern.Select(); } #endregion #region 값 설정하기 - SetValue(windowElement, elementID, value) /// <summary> /// 값 설정하기 /// </summary> /// <param name="windowElement">윈도우 엘리먼트</param> /// <param name="elementID">엘리먼트 ID</param> /// <param name="value">값</param> public static void SetValue(AutomationElement windowElement, string elementID, string value) { AutomationElement element = GetElementByID(windowElement, elementID); ValuePattern pattern = element.GetCurrentPattern(ValuePattern.Pattern) as ValuePattern; pattern.SetValue(value); } #endregion #region 자식 카운트 구하기 - GetChildCount(windowElement, elementID) /// <summary> /// 자식 카운트 구하기 /// </summary> /// <param name="windowElement">윈도우 엘리먼트</param> /// <param name="elementID">엘리먼트 ID</param> /// <returns>자식 카운트</returns> public static int GetChildCount(AutomationElement windowElement, string elementID) { AutomationElement element = GetElementByID(windowElement, elementID); return element.FindAll(TreeScope.Children, PropertyCondition.TrueCondition).Count; } #endregion #region 엘리먼트 텍스트 구하기 - GetElementText(element) /// <summary> /// 엘리먼트 텍스트 구하기 /// </summary> /// <param name="element">엘리먼트</param> /// <returns>엘리먼트 텍스트</returns> public static string GetElementText(AutomationElement element) { TextPattern pattern = (TextPattern)element.GetCurrentPattern(TextPattern.Pattern); return pattern.DocumentRange.GetText(-1); } #endregion #region 엘리먼트 텍스트 구하기 - GetElementText(windowElement, elementID) /// <summary> /// 엘리먼트 텍스트 구하기 /// </summary> /// <param name="windowElement">윈도우 엘리먼트</param> /// <param name="elementID">엘리먼트 ID</param> /// <returns>엘리먼트 텍스트</returns> public static string GetElementText(AutomationElement windowElement, string elementID) { TextPattern pattern = (TextPattern)GetElementByID(windowElement, elementID).GetCurrentPattern(TextPattern.Pattern); return pattern.DocumentRange.GetText(-1); } #endregion #region 엘리먼트 호출하기 - InvokeElement(element) /// <summary> /// 엘리먼트 호출하기 /// </summary> /// <param name="element">엘리먼트</param> public static void InvokeElement(AutomationElement element) { InvokePattern pattern = (InvokePattern)element.GetCurrentPattern(InvokePattern.Pattern); pattern.Invoke(); Thread.Sleep(500); } #endregion #region 첫번째 자식 구하기 - GetFirstChild(windowElement) /// <summary> /// 첫번째 자식 구하기 /// </summary> /// <param name="windowElement">윈도우 엘리먼트</param> /// <returns>첫번째 자식</returns> public static AutomationElement GetFirstChild(AutomationElement windowElement) { return GetElement(windowElement, Condition.TrueCondition); } #endregion #region 첫번째 자식 구하기 - GetFirstChild(parentElement, childName) /// <summary> /// 첫번째 자식 구하기 /// </summary> /// <param name="parentElement">부모 엘리먼트</param> /// <param name="childName">자식 명칭</param> /// <returns>첫번째 자식</returns> public static AutomationElement GetFirstChild(AutomationElement parentElement, string childName) { return GetElement(parentElement, new PropertyCondition(AutomationElement.NameProperty, childName)); } #endregion #region 테이블 셀 엘리먼트 호출하기 - InvokeTableCellElement(windowElement, elementID, row, column) /// <summary> /// 테이블 셀 엘리먼트 호출하기 /// </summary> /// <param name="windowElement">윈도우 엘리먼트</param> /// <param name="elementID">엘리먼트 ID</param> /// <param name="row">행</param> /// <param name="column">컬럼</param> public static void InvokeTableCellElement(AutomationElement windowElement, string elementID, int row, int column) { AutomationElement tableElement = GetElementByID(windowElement, elementID); GridPattern pattern = tableElement.GetCurrentPattern(GridPattern.Pattern) as GridPattern; AutomationElement cellElement = pattern.GetItem(row, column); AutomationElement hyperLinkElement = GetFirstChild(cellElement); InvokeElement(hyperLinkElement); } #endregion #region 선택 엘리먼트 구하기 - GetSelectedElement(parentElement) /// <summary> /// 선택 엘리먼트 구하기 /// </summary> /// <param name="parentElement">부모 엘리먼트</param> /// <returns>선택 엘리먼트</returns> public static AutomationElement GetSelectedElement(AutomationElement parentElement) { return GetElement(parentElement, new PropertyCondition(SelectionItemPattern.IsSelectedProperty, true)); } #endregion #region 리스트 뷰에서 데이터 테이블 구하기 - GetDataTableFromListView(windowElement, elementID) /// <summary> /// 리스트 뷰에서 데이터 테이블 구하기 /// </summary> /// <param name="windowElement">윈도우 엘리먼트</param> /// <param name="elementID">엘리먼트 ID</param> /// <returns>데이터 테이블</returns> public static DataTable GetDataTableFromListView(AutomationElement windowElement, string elementID) { AutomationElement element = GetElementByID(windowElement, elementID); GridPattern pattern = element.GetCurrentPattern(GridPattern.Pattern) as GridPattern; DataTable dataTable = new DataTable(); for(int i = 0; i < pattern.Current.ColumnCount; i++) { dataTable.Columns.Add(GetColumnHeaderID(pattern.GetItem(0, i))); } for(int i = 0; i < pattern.Current.RowCount; i++) { dataTable.Rows.Add(); for(int j = 0; j < pattern.Current.ColumnCount; j++) { AutomationElement cellElement = pattern.GetItem(i, j); string columnName = GetColumnHeaderID(cellElement); dataTable.Rows[i][columnName] = cellElement.GetCurrentPropertyValue(AutomationElement.NameProperty); } } return dataTable; } #endregion #region 선택에 엘리먼트 추가하기 - AddElementToSelection(element) /// <summary> /// 선택에 엘리먼트 추가하기 /// </summary> /// <param name="element">엘리먼트</param> public static void AddElementToSelection(AutomationElement element) { SelectionItemPattern pattern = element.GetCurrentPattern(SelectionItemPattern.Pattern) as SelectionItemPattern; pattern.AddToSelection(); } #endregion #region 마우스 클릭 실행하기 - PerformMouseClick(windowElement, elementID) /// <summary> /// 마우스 클릭 실행하기 /// </summary> /// <param name="windowElement">윈도우 엘리먼트</param> /// <param name="elementID">엘리먼트 ID</param> public static void PerformMouseClick(AutomationElement windowElement, string elementID) { try { AutomationElement element = GetElementByID(windowElement, elementID); MouseHelper.ClickMouseLeftButton(GetPointToClick(element)); } catch(NoClickablePointException) { AutomationElement element = GetElementByID(windowElement, elementID); int x = (int)element.GetClickablePoint().X; int y = (int)element.GetClickablePoint().Y; Point point = new Point(x, y); MouseHelper.ClickMouseLeftButton(point); } } #endregion #region 마우스 오른쪽 버튼 클릭 실행하기 - PerformMouseRightButtonClick(windowElement, elementID) /// <summary> /// 마우스 오른쪽 버튼 클릭 실행하기 /// </summary> /// <param name="windowElement">윈도우 엘리먼트</param> /// <param name="elementID">엘리먼트 ID</param> public static void PerformMouseRightButtonClick(AutomationElement windowElement, string elementID) { AutomationElement element = null; try { element = GetElementByID(windowElement, elementID); MouseHelper.ClickMouseRightButton(GetPointToClick(element)); } catch(NoClickablePointException) { element = GetElementByID(windowElement, elementID); MouseHelper.ClickMouseRightButton(GetPointToClick(element)); } } #endregion #region 존재 여부 구하기 - Exists(windowElement, elementID) /// <summary> /// 존재 여부 구하기 /// </summary> /// <param name="windowElement">윈도우 엘리먼트</param> /// <param name="elementID">엘리먼트 ID</param> /// <returns>존재 여부</returns> public static bool Exists(AutomationElement windowElement, string elementID) { try { AutomationElement element = GetElement(windowElement, new PropertyCondition(AutomationElement.AutomationIdProperty, elementID)); return element != null; } catch { return false; } } #endregion #region 미존재 여부 구하기 - NotExists(windowElement, elementName) /// <summary> /// 미존재 여부 구하기 /// </summary> /// <param name="windowElement">윈도우 엘리먼트</param> /// <param name="elementName">엘리먼트명</param> /// <returns>미존재 여부</returns> public static bool NotExists(AutomationElement windowElement, string elementName) { try { AutomationElement element = windowElement.FindFirst(TreeScope.Descendants, new PropertyCondition(AutomationElement.NameProperty, elementName)); return element == null; } catch { return false; } } #endregion //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// Private #region WinForm 포인트 구하기 - GetWinFormPoint(wpfPoint) /// <summary> /// WinForm 포인트 구하기 /// </summary> /// <param name="wpfPoint">WPF 포인트</param> /// <returns>WinForm 포인트</returns> private static System.Drawing.Point GetWinFormPoint(System.Windows.Point wpfPoint) { return new System.Drawing.Point { X = Convert.ToInt32(wpfPoint.X), Y = Convert.ToInt32(wpfPoint.Y) }; } #endregion #region 엘리먼트 컬렉션 구하기 - GetElementCollection(windowElement, condition) /// <summary> /// 엘리먼트 컬렉션 구하기 /// </summary> /// <param name="windowElement">윈도우 엘리먼트</param> /// <param name="condition">조건</param> /// <returns>자동화 엘리먼트 컬렉션</returns> private static AutomationElementCollection GetElementCollection(AutomationElement windowElement, Condition condition) { return windowElement.FindAll(TreeScope.Descendants, condition); } #endregion #region 엘리먼트 구하기 - GetElement(windowElement, condition) /// <summary> /// 엘리먼트 구하기 /// </summary> /// <param name="windowElement">윈도우 엘리먼트</param> /// <param name="condition">조건</param> /// <returns>자동화 엘리먼트</returns> private static AutomationElement GetElement(AutomationElement windowElement, Condition condition) { DateTime startTime = DateTime.Now; AutomationElement element = null; do { element = windowElement.FindFirst(TreeScope.Descendants, condition); if(element == null) { Thread.Sleep(500); } if((DateTime.Now - startTime).TotalSeconds > ELEMENT_SEARCH_TIMEOUT_SECOND_COUNT) { throw new TimeoutException ( $"Searching for an element took longer than specified timeout of {ELEMENT_SEARCH_TIMEOUT_SECOND_COUNT} seconds" ); } } while(element == null); return element; } #endregion #region 컬럼 헤더 ID 구하기 - GetColumnHeaderID(cellElement) /// <summary> /// 컬럼 헤더 ID 구하기 /// </summary> /// <param name="cellElement">셀 엘리먼트</param> /// <returns>컬럼 헤더 ID</returns> private static string GetColumnHeaderID(AutomationElement cellElement) { AutomationElement gridElement = cellElement.GetCurrentPropertyValue(GridItemPatternIdentifiers.ContainingGridProperty) as AutomationElement; TablePattern pattern = gridElement.GetCurrentPattern(TablePattern.Pattern) as TablePattern; int column = (int)cellElement.GetCurrentPropertyValue(GridItemPatternIdentifiers.ColumnProperty); AutomationElement headerElement = pattern.Current.GetColumnHeaders()[column]; return (string)headerElement.GetCurrentPropertyValue(AutomationElement.NameProperty); } #endregion #region 클릭 포인트 구하기 - GetPointToClick(element) /// <summary> /// 클릭 포인트 구하기 /// </summary> /// <param name="element">엘리먼트</param> /// <returns>WinForm 포인트</returns> private static System.Drawing.Point GetPointToClick(AutomationElement element) { return GetWinFormPoint ( new System.Windows.Point ( element.Current.BoundingRectangle.Left + 10, element.Current.BoundingRectangle.Top + 10 ) ); } #endregion } } |
※ 테스트를 하지는 않은 참고용 코드이다. ※ 아래 네임스페이스를 추가한다.
■ UI 자동화를 사용하는 방법을 보여준다. [TestController 프로젝트] ▶ MainWindow.xaml
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<Window x:Class="TestController.MainWindow" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation" xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml" Width="800" Height="600" Title="UI 자동화 사용하기" FontFamily="나눔고딕코딩" FontSize="16"> <Grid Margin="10"> <Grid.RowDefinitions> <RowDefinition Height="Auto" /> <RowDefinition Height="10" /> <RowDefinition Height="*" /> </Grid.RowDefinitions> <Button Name="startButton" Grid.Row="0" Width="150" Height="30" Content="자동화 시작" /> <ListBox Name="listBox" Grid.Row="2" HorizontalAlignment="Stretch" VerticalAlignment="Stretch" /> </Grid> </Window> |
▶ MainWindow.xaml.cs
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using System.Threading; using System.Windows; using System.Windows.Automation; using System.Windows.Threading; namespace TestController { /// <summary> /// 메인 윈도우 /// </summary> public partial class MainWindow : Window { private delegate void SetMessageCallback(string message); //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// Constructor ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// Public #region 생성자 - MainWindow() /// <summary> /// 생성자 /// </summary> public MainWindow() { InitializeComponent(); this.startButton.Click += startButton_Click; } #endregion //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// Method ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// Private //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// Event #region 자동화 시작 버튼 클릭시 처리하기 - startButton_Click(sender, e) /// <summary> /// 자동화 시작 버튼 클릭시 처리하기 /// </summary> /// <param name="sender">이벤트 발생자</param> /// <param name="e">이벤트 인자</param> private void startButton_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e) { Thread thread = new Thread(new ThreadStart(ProcessAutomation)); thread.Start(); } #endregion //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// Function #region 로그 쓰기 (코어) - WriteLogCore(message) /// <summary> /// 로그 쓰기 (코어) /// </summary> /// <param name="message">메시지</param> private void WriteLogCore(string message) { this.listBox.Items.Add(message); } #endregion #region 로그 쓰기 - WriteLog(message) /// <summary> /// 로그 쓰기 /// </summary> /// <param name="message">메시지</param> private void WriteLog(string message) { Dispatcher.BeginInvoke ( DispatcherPriority.Normal, new SetMessageCallback(WriteLogCore), message ); } #endregion #region 에러 로그 쓰기 - WriteErrorLog() /// <summary> /// 에러 로그 쓰기 /// </summary> private void WriteErrorLog() { WriteLog("ERROR"); } #endregion #region 엘리먼트 구하기 - GetElement(parentElement, automationID) /// <summary> /// 엘리먼트 구하기 /// </summary> /// <param name="parentElement">부모 엘리먼트</param> /// <param name="automationID">자동화 ID</param> /// <returns>자동화 엘리먼트</returns> private AutomationElement GetElement(AutomationElement parentElement, string automationID) { System.Windows.Automation.Condition condition = new PropertyCondition(AutomationElement.AutomationIdProperty, automationID); AutomationElement element = parentElement.FindFirst(TreeScope.Descendants, condition); return element; } #endregion #region 자동화 처리하기 - ProcessAutomation() /// <summary> /// 자동화 처리하기 /// </summary> private void ProcessAutomation() { WriteLog("루트 요소 획득..."); AutomationElement rootElement = AutomationElement.RootElement; if(rootElement != null) { System.Windows.Automation.Condition condition = new PropertyCondition ( AutomationElement.NameProperty, "UI 자동화 테스트 타겟" ); WriteLog("UI 자동화 테스트 타겟 프로그램 탐색..."); AutomationElement applicationElement = rootElement.FindFirst(TreeScope.Children, condition); if(applicationElement != null) { WriteLog("A 텍스트 박스 탐색..."); AutomationElement aTextBoxElement = GetElement(applicationElement, "aTextBox"); if(aTextBoxElement != null) { WriteLog("A 텍스트 박스 값 설정..."); try { ValuePattern valuePattern = aTextBoxElement.GetCurrentPattern(ValuePattern.Pattern) as ValuePattern; valuePattern.SetValue("10"); } catch { WriteErrorLog(); } } else { WriteErrorLog(); } WriteLog("B 텍스트 박스 탐색..."); AutomationElement bTextBoxElement = GetElement(applicationElement, "bTextBox"); if(bTextBoxElement != null) { WriteLog("B 텍스트 박스 값 설정..."); try { ValuePattern valuePattern = bTextBoxElement.GetCurrentPattern(ValuePattern.Pattern) as ValuePattern; valuePattern.SetValue("5"); } catch { WriteErrorLog(); } } else { WriteErrorLog(); } } else { WriteErrorLog(); } } } #endregion } } |
[TestTarget 프로젝트] ▶ MainWindow.xaml
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<Window x:Class="TestTarget.MainWindow" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation" xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml" Width="800" Height="600" Title="UI 자동화 테스트 타겟" FontFamily="나눔고딕코딩" FontSize="16"> <Grid> <Grid.ColumnDefinitions> <ColumnDefinition Width="*" /> <ColumnDefinition Width="Auto" /> <ColumnDefinition Width="10" /> <ColumnDefinition Width="Auto" /> <ColumnDefinition Width="*" /> </Grid.ColumnDefinitions> <Grid.RowDefinitions> <RowDefinition Height="*" /> <RowDefinition Height="Auto" /> <RowDefinition Height="10" /> <RowDefinition Height="Auto" /> <RowDefinition Height="*" /> </Grid.RowDefinitions> <Label Grid.Row="1" Grid.Column="1" Width="100" Height="25" Content="Value A" /> <Label Grid.Row="3" Grid.Column="1" Width="100" Height="25" Content="Value B" /> <TextBox Name="aTextBox" Grid.Row="1" Grid.Column="3" Width="300" Height="25" /> <TextBox Name="bTextBox" Grid.Row="3" Grid.Column="3" Width="300" Height="25" /> </Grid> </Window> |
TestSolution.zip